Internal-combustion engine



E. R. BURTNETT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Jan. 17, 1928.

Filed April 7, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 new m M W W fa, l lla lilll 9H 3 M 141 u M h, I II,I1IH IH IHIIIM2 6 w M J w d iIwH Ww I 1 )H 9 NHL J 9N ,.:K AMUA: r l* H WM. F ooi l Jan. 17, 1928. 1,656,316

E. R. BURTNETT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 7, 1926 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I F1 g3.

PatentedJan. '17, 1928. f UNITED STATES 1,656,316 PATENT OFFICE.

EVERETT B. BURTNETT, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOB, ABY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE AUTOMOTIVE VALVES CORPORATION, OF RENO,

NEVADA, A CORPORATION.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application led April 7,1926. Serial No. 100,258.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines of-t-he two stroke cycle type,

and has for its principal objects, the provision of two valves of different construction related to one combustion cylinder, the operation of which, in reciprocatory movement,`vwill effect a balancing of the respective valve reciprocative forces, also the balance.

` cylinder, the sleeve valve in conjunction with the power iston within the combustion cylinder facilltating the opening and closing operation, at the desired time, of two series of exhaust ports. Also to provide a second valve to the combustion chamber, formed to the side of the combustion cylinderand arranged for reciprocatory movement within an auxiliary cylinder, the side valve being adapted to the function 'of fresh charge ad-.

mission into the combustion chamber.

The-combination of a sleeve valve within the combustion cylinder and adapted to the function of exhaust port operation, and of a balanced area side valve adapted to the function of fresh' charge admission to the combustion chamber,provides a very efficient valve means to accomplish a very great ratio of' super-charging, with extremely effective cooling range and efficient in controlling charge stratification, which is necessary in a two stroke cycle internal combustion engine,`

if iexibility of operation throughout the -load or throttle range is to be accomplished.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, my invention consists in certain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts that will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross section taken through the center of a combustion cylinder illustrating a practical embodiment of my improved engine.

ig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on line 2 2 of Figi 1. I j

Fig. 3 is a orizontal section taken on line 3 3 of Fig1 1.

Fig. 4 is a orizontal section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 1. y

Referring by numerals to the accompanying drawings which illustrate a practical embodiment of my invention, 10 designates a c linder block, a combustion cylinder 11, an an inlet valve cylinder 12, are formed in the cylinder block. Surmountin g the cylinder block is a crank case 13, in which is suitably journaled a main crank shaft 14, and a valve drive shaft 15.

Arranged for 'recprocatory 'movement within the combustion c linder 11 isa sleeve valve 16, a boss 17 is ormed at the crank end of the sleevel valve anda wrist pin 18 is fitted thereto, a connectin rod 19 connects the sleeve valve to a cra drive shaft.

A power piston 21 is arranged for reciprocatory movement within the sleeve valve 16 of the combustion cylinder, the power piston being attached to a crank 22 of the main crank shaft, by a conventional' connecting rod 23.

A charge inlet valve 24 is arranged for rel ciprocatory movement within the valve cyl- 20 of the valve inder 12, and the said char e inlet valve 24 is connected to a crank 25 o the valve drive shaft 15, by a conventional connecting rod 26.

The valve cranks 20 and 25y are disposed relatively 180 apart, rotatively with respect to the valve shaft and` are formed adjacent axilly `with respect to the axis of the valve shaft. This arrangement ofthe valve cranks diametrically oppositely disposed, permits the balancing of the primary reciprocative forces developed at the valve shaft by making the sleeve and balanced inlet valve of equal weight, with the same crank wthro7 or of increasing one valve crank throw overl the other, to develop the same total moments inches of weight from the reciprocative forces about the axis of the valve drive shaft.

A series ofl exhaust ports 27, are formed through the wall ofthe combustion cylinder 11, at a point whereby the said ports will be wholly opened to the combustion chamber, by the top edge of thesleeve valve 'fassing `crankvvard of the said ports, only w en the sleeve valve is 1n a position of crank end dead center. i

A second series of exhaust ports 28- are formed through the wall of the combustion cylinder 11, at a oint in the plane of theJ line occupied by t e head face of the power piston 21, when the said piston is in a position of crank end dead center. A third VAseries of -exhaust ports 29 are formed 'through the sleeve valve 16, at a point vided in the combustion cylinder 11, and the said clearance space extends laterally intersecting the chamber of the valve cylinder 12, as developed between the two skirts of the inlet valve 24.

` A fourth series of ports 32, are formed through the wall of the inlet valve cylinder 12 at a point headward of the laterally extendingcombustion chamber clearance 31;

an annular duct 83, surrounds the said ports 32, providing' a passage communication between the charge supply opening-34', and

1the said ports are adapted to the purpose of providing passage communication between the source of fresh charge induction force and thel combustion chamber and areV arranged to be opened by the stroke movement l of the inlet valve 24, headwardly, the said i inlet valve'24 is in ports beingwholly opened only when the l a position of head end dead center.' Ex ansion rings are' provided in. the perip ery of each of the two skirts of the balanced' inlet valve 24, to accomplish the sealing function of the combustion chamber, i

expansion rings are provided in the periphery of the head end of the sleeve valve 16, to accomplish the sealingl of the combustion --chamber and expansion rings are conven- `piston 21, to seal the inner sleeve tionally arranged in the face of the power wall of the combustion chamber. i

,A spark plug 35, is threadedl into the wall ofthe combustion clearance chamber, pref-- erably at a point coincident with the lateral 'extension of ther combustion chamber. i n

The o eration ofpmy improved engine in two stro e cycle is as follows: Assuming the parts to be in theposition clearance as shown in the accompanying drawings, i the power piston 21 at crank end dead center,

the sleeve valve 16 at crank end dead center,

. to the valve crank 25 to which the inlet v alve 24 .is connected, being approximately 45"A before head end dead center.' At this moment, theexhaust orts 27 and 29 have been'open .for a perio 4of time correspondy ing to the time of rotary movement of the crank shaft for approximately 45, the spent residual products of combustion have made and the inlet valve 24 in apposition related exit from tne chamber to the extent of their own pressure influence, a volume of residual gases at about atmospheric pressure will yet be in the chamber, the inlet ports 32 are on the moment about to be opened by the further headward movement of the inlet valve 24, which will permit the inflow of a Compressed volume of fresh charge which may be forced into the combustion chamber by any suitable pumping means as may be desired. l lYhen the cranlrs 22, 2O and 25 have moved 450 further, the exhaust ports4 27 and 29 will be closed, the exhaust ports 27 being covered again by the headward movement of the top edge of the sleeve valve 1G' and the exhaust. ports 29 being covered again by the lieadward movement of the 4head ol the power piston 21. f

The inlet ports 82 will remain open forv the period of time corresponding to 45 of crank `movement after the exhaust ports were closed, permitting a very great supercharge offresh fuel mixture being inducted into the combustion chamber.

lVhen the power piston 21 a'nd the sleeve valve 16 have moved one-half way Aof'their headward stroke, the inlet ports 32' 'will again be closed and the further movement of the power piston 421 headwardly, will continue the compression of the new charge in the combustion clearance chamber. lllhen the power piston 21 reaches head end center, a maximum compression pressure will be developed within the combus- "tion clearance chamber 31, and ignition of the 'charge will occur, developing combus` tion `within4 the cylinder, the influence of which will again drive the power piston crankwardlythrough the 'sleeve to the point previously described. V It will be understood that minor changes in the size, form and construction of the various parts of my improved valve mechanism may be made and substituted for those shown and described without departing from the spirit ofthe invention, the scope of which is set forth in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination in a combustion unit a combustion cylinder, a side valve cylinder, a. common joining the chambers of the said combustion and side valve cylinders, asleeve valve arranged for a, reciprocatory movement within the combustion cylinder, a vpower compression clearance ,chamber piston arranged for reciprocatory Inovement within the said sleeve valve, two separate series of exhaust ports formed through the wall .of' the combustion cylinder, one series ofexhaust ports located at the head end and' one Series of exhaust ports located at 'the crank end of the respective extremities of the'stroke sweep movement of the head of the said power piston, one series ci exhaust ports formed in the sleeve valve and adapted to register with the said crankwardly located series of exhaust ports formed through the cylinder wall, the side valve cylinder extending headwardly and crankwardly from the plane of the common compression clearance chamber, a series of fresh charge inlet ports formed through the wall of the headwardly extending end of the side valve cylinder, a fresh charge supply port formed through the wall of the crankwardly extending end of the side valve cylinder, a piston valve arranged for reciprocatory movement within the side valve cylinder, a head formed of the piston valve, the piston valve having an annular groove in and a port through its periphery and a fresh charge supply passage formed through its cylindrical form, and ignition means located in the chamber of the side valve cylinder.

2. In a two stroke cycle internal combustion engine, a combustion firing chamber of two cylinders, two series of exhaust ports formed 'in two annular rows through the wall of one of the two cylinders, a. sleeve valve arranged for a reciprocatory movement within'the said one cylinder, a series of exhaust ports formed through the sleeve valve, the sleeve valve being adapted to provide the opening and 4closing of the two annular rows. of exhaust ports formed through the cylinder wall, a power piston arranged for reciprocatory movement within the sleeve valve, a series of inlet ports formed in one annular row through the wall of the other of the two cylinders, a common compression clearance space joining the chambers of the two cylinders, the said annular row of inlet ports being located headward of the said common clearance space, a charge supply port formed through the wall of the cylinder having the said annular row of inlet ports, -the said charge supply port being located crankward of the said common clearance space, a piston valve arranged for reciprocatory movement within the said cylinder having the inlet ports,

the said piston valve bein adapted to provide o ening and-closing o the said annular row o inlet ports and the said charge supply port, a head formed of the istonvalve, an annular groove formed in t e periphery of the piston valve a char e supply port and a charge passage forme in the piston valve headward of the said head of the valve, means of actuating the sleeve and piston valves relatively in 'stroke movement in relation in ratio one to one, and ignition means located in the wall of the cylinder having the inlet ports.

3. The combination in a. two` stroke cycle internal combustion engine, a cylinder havin exhaust ports formed in two lanesv a cy inder having inlet ports forme in two planes, a sleeve valve arranged within the vcylinder having the exhaust ports, a piston arranged within the sleeve valve, a piston valve arranged within the cylinder having the inlet ports, the chambers of the cylinder having the exhaust ports and the cylinder having the inlet ports being joined by a common compression clearance space, a passage formed through the inlet valve, the said passage being adapted to provide a. fresh charge communication between the said inlet ports, an annular recess formed in the periphery of the iston valve, the said annular recess adapte to provide a fresh charge passage communication between part of the inlet ports of one cylinder and the chamber between the two cylinders, the sleeve valve being adapted to provide passage communication between the exhaust ports of each of the two planes and the chambers within the two cylinders simultaneously, and ignition means terminating within the chamber of the cylinder having the inlet ports, the said ignition means being located in the cylinder wall at a point at which the annular space of the said annular recess of the piston valve is continuously in communication with.

In testimony whereof, I hereto ahx my signature,

EVERETT R. BURTN'E'IVI. 

